(March 17, 1819, Chisinau – February 5, 1859) was a Romanian Freemason, poet, prose writer, essayist, memorialist and literary critic from Bessarabia, ideologist of the 1848 generation. He is the author of the Cantarea Romaniei, printed anonymously. Without explicitly claiming this work, it provided one of the most famous literary paternity litigations in the history of Roman literature.

He was born in the family of an old-fashioned boyar, but with a relatively modest social situation. Spent his childhood in the countryside in environment of the peasants. By 1829, a terrible cholera epidemic killed the entire family. Being an orphan without mother, Alecu Russo was sent by his father or to study in Switzerland. After studying in Switzerland he continued his studies at the Francois-Naville Institute in the village of Vernier, near Geneva. In the Institute he wrote his first literary attempts. Most of the works were written in French and then appeared in the translation of Alecsandri, Odobescu. More Information…

(1818 or 1821-1890) writer and politician. He participated in the Revolution of 1848 at the union of Moldavia with Wallachia in 1859 and then accomplished several diplomatic missions in Italy and France (1859), respectively in Paris (1885-1890). He led the journal Romania Literară (1855) and published the first Romanian poetry collection “Poezii poporale. Balade. Cantice batranesti”(1853). He was a founding member of the Romanian Literary Society (1867) then an honorary member of the Romanian Academic Society (1871). In 1857 he was a member of a Freemasonic Lodge in the capital of Moldova. More information…

(born in 1 March 1788, Hertsa, Moldova – d. November 12, 1869, Iaşi, Romania) was a poet, prose writer and Romanian dramatist who was born in Hertsa, northern Moldova (today Ukraine). Gheorghe Asachi, one of the founders of the historical novel, led numerous literary magazines, recovered from Lemberg in Poland, where he studied in his youth the Tiganiade manuscript, Ion Budai-Deleanu’s epic ballads. He has been a cultural guide in various fields: theater, school, press, typographic activity. Asachi was also one of the founders of Mihailena Academy. He published the first Romanian journal in Moldova, Albina Românească (1829). He organized the first theatrical performances in Romanian (1816) and the Philatelic-Dramatic Conservatory (1836) in Iasi. Translates and adapts foreign theater pieces. In poetry, it addresses all species: oysters, elephants, sonnets, hymns, fables, meditations, ballads. Verses historical legends Dachia and Trajan, Stephen the Great before the Neamts Fortress. He also wrote historical shorts (Dragos, Petru Rareş, Rucsandra Doamna etc.), which were the inspiration for Costache Negruzzi’s novels.

In 1830 he was the Venerable of a lodge in Iasi, and in 1866 he participated in the works of the Romanian Star Lodge, also in Iasi. He was initiated in Freemasonry in Milan, Italy.

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(born October 15, 1893 – April 4, 1953) was the king of Romania between June 8, 1930 and September 6, 1940. Carol was the first born of the future king Ferdinand I of Romania and his wife, princess Maria, by Princes of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (later transformed by Ferdinand into Prince of Romania). After his father’s accession to the throne, he became the Prince Carol Carol of Romania. During the First World War, he became remarked by the army desertion and illegal marriage to Ioana Lambrino, which resulted in two throne rebels not accepted by his father. After the dissolution of this marriage, he made a long journey around the world, at the end of which he met Princess Elena of Greece, whom he married in March 1921, the couple having a child, Prince Michael. Carol left his family and stayed abroad in December 1925, giving up again to the throne and living in France with Elena Lupescu under the name of Carol Caraiman. Mihai inherited the throne at the death of King Ferdinand in 1927. More information…

(March 20 / April 1, 1820, Barlad, Moldova – May 3, 1873, Heidelberg, German Empire) was the first ruler of the United Principalities and the national state of Romania. He actively participated in the revolutionary movement of Moldova in 1848 and in the struggle for the unity of the Principalities. On January 5, 1859, Cuza was elected president of Moldavia, and on January 24, 1859, and Wallachia, thus unifying the two principalities. Becoming a ruler, Cuza led a sustained political and diplomatic activity to recognize the union of Moldavia and Wallachia by the Sovereign Power and the Guaranteed Powers, and then to complete the union of the Romanian Principalities on the road to the implementation of the constitutional and administrative unity that took place in January 1862, when Moldova and Wallachia formed a unitary state, officially adopting the name of Romania in 1862 and forming the modern Romanian state with its capital in Bucharest, with a single assembly and a single government.

Cuza was forced to abdicate in 1866 by a large coalition of parties of the times, also called the Monastic Coalition, because of the different political orientations of its members, who thus reacted to the ruler’s authoritarian manifestations. More information…

(by the full name of Dimitrie Alexandru Sturdza-Miclausanu, March 10, 1833, Miclauseni, Iasi county – d. October 8, 1914, Bucharest) was an academician, a Romanian politician and four times prime minister of Romania between 1895 – 1909. He was also the president of the Romanian Academy between 1882 and 1884.

He was educated at Mihailean Academy and continued his studies in Germany, where he took part in the political movements of the time. Subsequently, he became private secretary of Alexandru Ioan Cuza. After that, he turned against Cuza, becoming a member of the liberal government of Ion Bratianu.

In 1899 he was elected leader of the party as the successor of Ion Bratianu. In this capacity was elected prime minister four times. Although a man of great working capacity was the representative of the tiniest nationalism, he disregarded everything that was “alien”, doing so greatly to delay the political and industrial development of his country.

He was appointed permanent secretary of the Romanian Academy, becoming a recognized authority in Romanian numismatics. As secretary of the Academy, he witnessed the publication of historical collections of books by Constantin Hurmuzachi (30 volumes, Bucharest, 1876-1897), as well as other documents and documents besides minor political pamphlets. More information…

Mihail Kogălniceanu (born September 6, 1817, Iasi, Moldova – d. July 1, 1891, Paris) was a political, liberal, legal, historical and Romanian publicist from Moldova who became Prime Minister of Romania at 11 October 1863, after the Union of the Danubian Principalities in 1859 during the reign of Alexandru Ioan Cuza, and later served as Minister of Foreign Affairs under the reign of Carol I. He was several times Minister of Interior during the reigns of Cuza and Carol . He was one of the most influential Romanian intellectuals of his generation (standing on the moderate trend of liberalism). Being a moderate liberal, he started his political career as a collaborator of Prince Mihail Sturdza, at the same time taking the position of director of the National Theater in Iasi, and published many works with poet Vasile Alecsandri and activist Ion Ghica. More information…

(November 5, 1880, Pashcani, Romania – d. October 19, 1961, Vanatori-Neamts, Romania ) was a writer, novelist, academician and Romanian political scientist. He is one of the most prominent and prolific Romanian prose writers in the first half of the 20th century, having a career spanning fifty years. He is known especially for his historical and adventure novels, although the author has created immortal pages about the peasant world of Moldova, about the nature of Romania, and has also written memoirs and stories. Sadoveanu was one of the first collaborators of the traditional journalist Sămănătorul, before becoming a realist and adept of the poporanist current represented by the literary life magazine. His work can be grouped into several phases that correspond to literary trends or trends in a certain period: a first stage of the narrative, the beginning, of the first attempts, stories and stories, a second mythical-symbolic, from the interwar period in novels such as Gold Creanga or Persian Divan). At this stage, the work of his works takes place generally in the historical region of Moldova, with themes taken from the early medieval and modern history of Romania, in novels such as the Sunamarest Brothers, the Jder Brothers and the Sign of Cancer. Through works such as Siret’s Mill, Baltag and other writings, Sadoveanu covers a longer period of time, reaching up to contemporary history, where other styles such as the psychological novel and naturalism are approached. The last stage corresponds to the socialist realism, in line with the socialist-communist period to which Sadoveanu adheres ideologically. More information…

ADAMS, John
AHMED Shah Qajar
ALDANOV, Mark (Landau)
ALECSANDRI, Vasile
ALEXANDRESCU, Grigore
ALEXANDRU al II-lea, Nicolaevici
Alexandru G. Golescu
ALEXANDRU I, Pavlovici Romanov
Alexandru Paleologu
Alexandru Vaida-Voevod
ALIOHIN, Alexandru
AMFITEATROV, Alexander Valentinovici
ARGETOIANU, Constantin
ARMSTRONG, Louis
ASTOR, John Jacob
ATATURK (Mustafa Kemal Shah)
BAJENOV, Vasili Ivanovici
BAKUNIN, Mihail Alexandrovici
BĂLCESCU, Nicolae
BARTHOLDI, Frédéric Auguste
BATENIKOV, Gavriil Stepanovici
BEETHOVEN, Ludwig van
BELÎI, Andrei (Bugaev)
BENEŞ, Eduard
BENKEMDOR, Alexandr Cristoforovici
BERLIN, Irving
BESTUZHEV, Nicolai Alexandrovici
BETSKOI, Ivan Ivanovici
BIBESCU, George Valentin
BLANC, Louis
BLANQUI, Louis Auguste
BLUM, Leon
BOKII, Gleb Ivanovici
BOLIVAR, Simón
BONAPARTE, Joseph
BONGO, Hadj Omar
BRĂTIANU, Ion
BRIUSOV, Valerii Iakovlevici
BROSSOLETT, Pierre
BUCHANAN, James
BURBANK, Luther
BURNS, Robert
BURTSEV, Vladimir Lvovici
BUSH, George Herbert Walker
C. A. Rosetti
CAGLIOSTRO (nume adevărat – Giuseppe Balsamo )
Carol Davila
CARP, Petre
Cezar Bolliac
Christian Tell
CLAY, Henry
CLINTON, Bill (nume complet William Jefferson Clinton)
CONDORCET, Jean Antoine Nicolas
Constantin Argetoianu
Constantin Daniel Rosenthal
COOPER, Gordon
COUTHON, Georges
CUZA, Alexandru Ion
DANTON, Georges Jacques
DAVIDOV, Vasilii Lvovici
DEBAKEY, Michael
DELVIG, Anton Antonovici
DERIBAS, Osip Mihailovici
DESMOULINS, Camille
DIDEROT, Denis
Dimitrie Bolintineanu
Dimitrie C. Bratianu
DISNEY, Walt
DOUMER, Paul
DOUMERGUE, Gaston
Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan
DUBBELT, Leontii Vasilievici
Duiliu Zamfirescu
ELAGHIN, Ivan Perfilievici
GAGARIN, Ivan Sergheevici
GAMBETTA, Leon
GARFIELD, James A.
GARIBALIDI, Giuseppe
GAZDANOV, Gaîté (George) Ivanovichi
George Valentin Bibescu
GERSHWIN, George
Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino
GHICA, Ion
GIPPUS, Zinaida
GLENN, John
GLIKBERG Aleksandr Mihailovici
GLINKA, Fedor Nikolaevici
GOETHE, Johann Wolfgang von
GOLDWATER, Barry M.
GOMEZ, Baes Maximo
GOMPERS, Samuel
GOTTFRIED
GREIG, Samuel Karlovici
GRISSOM, Virgil
GRUSHEVKII, Mihail Sergheevici
GUILLOTIN, Joseph Ignace
GUSTAV III Gottorn
HARDING Warren G.
HAYDN, Franz Joseph
HEINE, Heinrich
HIDALGO (Hidalgo si-Kostilya), Miguel
HOOVER, J. Edgar
HOUDINI, Harry
HOUDON, Jean Antoine
HUYSMANS, Camille
INZOV, Ivan Nikitici
Ion C. Bratianu
Ion Ghica
Ion Heliade Radulescu
Ion Minulescu
IVANOV, Viaceslav Ivanovici
JABOTINSKII, Vladimir Evghenievici (Zeev)
JACKSON, Andrew
JEFFERSON, Thomas
JOFFRE, Jacques Joseph
JOHNSON, Andrew
JOHNSON, Lyndon B.
JONES, John Paul
JOSEPHINE (Bogarne)
KAMEHAMEHA IV
KAMEHAMEHA V
KARAMZIN, Nikolai Mihailovici
KARL XIII
KARL XIV, Johan
KARL XV
KAZAKOV, Matvei Fedorovici
KERENSKII, Aleksandr Fiodorovici
KIICHELBECKER, Wilhelm Karlovici
KIPLING, Rudyard
KITCHENER, Horatio Herbert
KLIUCHEVSKII, Vasili Osipovici
KOCIUBEI, Viktor Pavlovici
KOGĂLNICEANU, Mihail
KONSTANTIN PAVLOVICI
KOSCIUSZKO, Tadeusz
KOTLIAREVSKII Ivan Petrovici
KOVALEVSKII, Maxim
KROPOTKIN, Petr A.
KURAKIN, Alexandr B.
KUTUZOV (Golenishchev-Kutuzov), Mihail Illarionovici
LABZIN, Alexander Fiodorovici
LAJOS, Kossuth
LERON, Jean d’Alembert
LICHO, Jelly
Miron Cristea
Nicolae Balcescu
Nicolae Titulescu
Octavian Goga
QUASIMODO, Salvatore
QUEZON, Luis Manuel
Samuel von Brukenthal
Simion Barnutiu
Titu Maiorescu
Traian Vuia
TRAIAN, Vuia
VALLES, Jules
VANDERVELDE, Emile
VERDANSKII, Vladimir Ivanovici
VERESAEV, Vikentii Vikentievici (numele real Smidovici)
VIAZEMSKII, Petr Andreevici
VIDELA, Gabriel Gonzalez
VIELGORSKII, Matvei Yurievici
VIGEL, Filip Filipovici
VOLKONSKII, Serghei Grigorievici
VOLOŞIN, Maximilian Alexandrovici (numele real. Kiriienko-Voloşin)
VOLTAIRE, Francois Marie Arouet
VORONIHIN, AndreI Nikiforovici
VORONŢOV, Mihail Illarionovici
WAGNER, Richard
WASHINGTON, Booker Talyaferro
WASHINGTON, George
WIELAND, Christoph Martin
WILHELM al II-lea de Hohenzollern